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-====== Corpus Demonstratum: Collection of Proofs ====== 
  
-Welcome to our comprehensive collection of mathematical and philosophical proofs. This wiki aims to be a definitive resource for students, scholars, and enthusiasts seeking rigorous demonstrations across the spectrum of mathematical disciplines and philosophical traditions. 
- 
-===== About This Project ===== 
- 
-This encyclopedia serves multiple purposes: 
-  * To collect and preserve important proofs in accessible formats 
-  * To provide clear explanations with appropriate levels of rigor 
-  * To highlight connections between different areas of mathematics and philosophy 
-  * To trace the historical development of key theorems and arguments 
-  * To serve as an educational resource for learners at various levels 
- 
-===== Getting Started ===== 
- 
-  * [[wiki:math|Mathematical expression formatting guide]] 
-  * [[templates:mathematical|Mathematical proof template]] 
-  * [[templates:philosophical|Philosophical argument template]] 
- 
-===== Mathematical Proofs ===== 
- 
-==== Foundations of Mathematics ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic|Logic and Set Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic:incompleteness|Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic:compactness|Compactness Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic:completeness|Completeness Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic:zfc|ZFC Axioms and Consequences]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:logic:choice|Axiom of Choice and Equivalents]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers|Number Systems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers:peano|Peano Axioms]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers:integers|Construction of Integers]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers:rationals|Construction of Rational Numbers]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers:reals|Construction of Real Numbers]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:foundations:numbers:complex|Complex Numbers]] 
- 
-==== Number Theory ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:number:elementary|Elementary Number Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:elementary:division|Division Algorithm]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:elementary:euclidean|Euclidean Algorithm]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:elementary:fundamental|Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:elementary:fermat|Fermat's Little Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:elementary:euler|Euler's Theorem]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:number:analytic|Analytic Number Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:analytic:pnt|Prime Number Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:number:analytic:dirichlet|Dirichlet's Theorem on Primes]] 
- 
-==== Algebra ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:algebra:group|Group Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:group:lagrange|Lagrange's Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:group:sylow|Sylow Theorems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:group:isomorphism|Isomorphism Theorems]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:algebra:ring|Ring Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:ring:ideals|Ideal Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:ring:ufd|Unique Factorization Domains]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:algebra:field|Field Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:field:extensions|Field Extensions]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:field:splitting|Splitting Fields]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:algebra:galois|Galois Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:galois:fundamental|Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:galois:solvability|Solvability by Radicals]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:algebra:linear|Linear Algebra]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:linear:determinants|Determinants]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:linear:eigenvalues|Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:algebra:linear:diagonalization|Diagonalization]] 
- 
-==== Analysis ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:analysis:calculus|Calculus]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:calculus:limits|Limit Theorems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:calculus:mvt|Mean Value Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:calculus:fundamental|Fundamental Theorem of Calculus]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:analysis:real|Real Analysis]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:real:sequences|Convergence of Sequences]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:real:series|Convergence of Series]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:real:riemann|Riemann Integration]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:real:lebesgue|Lebesgue Integration]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:analysis:complex|Complex Analysis]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:complex:cauchy|Cauchy's Integral Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:complex:residue|Residue Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:complex:laurent|Laurent Series]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:analysis:functional|Functional Analysis]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:functional:baire|Baire Category Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:functional:hahn-banach|Hahn-Banach Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:analysis:functional:spectral|Spectral Theory]] 
- 
-==== Geometry and Topology ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:geometry:euclidean|Euclidean Geometry]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:euclidean:pythagoras|Pythagorean Theorem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:euclidean:congruence|Triangle Congruence Theorems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:euclidean:similarity|Similar Triangles]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:geometry:differential|Differential Geometry]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:differential:curves|Theory of Curves]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:differential:surfaces|Theory of Surfaces]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:geometry:differential:manifolds|Manifolds]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:topology:point-set|Point-Set Topology]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:point-set:metric|Metric Spaces]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:point-set:continuity|Continuous Functions]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:point-set:compactness|Compactness]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:topology:algebraic|Algebraic Topology]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:algebraic:fundamental|Fundamental Group]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:algebraic:homology|Homology Groups]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:topology:algebraic:fixed-point|Fixed Point Theorems]] 
- 
-==== Applied Mathematics ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:applied:probability|Probability Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:probability:axioms|Kolmogorov Axioms]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:probability:distributions|Probability Distributions]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:probability:limit|Limit Theorems]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:applied:differential|Differential Equations]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:differential:first-order|First-Order ODEs]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:differential:linear|Linear ODEs]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:applied:differential:pde|Partial Differential Equations]] 
- 
-==== Famous Theorems and Problems ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:famous:fermat|Fermat's Last Theorem]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:famous:four-color|Four Color Theorem]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:famous:poincare|Poincaré Conjecture]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:famous:riemann|Riemann Hypothesis]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:famous:p-np|P vs NP Problem]] 
- 
-===== Philosophical Arguments and Proofs ===== 
- 
-==== Metaphysics ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:ontology|Ontological Arguments]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:ontology:anselm|Anselm's Ontological Argument]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:ontology:descartes|Descartes' Ontological Argument]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:ontology:modal|Modal Ontological Arguments]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:causation|Causation]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:causation:cosmological|Cosmological Arguments]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:causation:kalam|Kalam Cosmological Argument]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:causation:regress|Infinite Regress Arguments]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:mind|Philosophy of Mind]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:mind:dualism|Arguments for Dualism]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:mind:physicalism|Arguments for Physicalism]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:metaphysics:mind:mary|Knowledge Argument (Mary's Room)]] 
- 
-==== Epistemology ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:knowledge|Nature of Knowledge]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:knowledge:jtb|Knowledge as Justified True Belief]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:knowledge:gettier|Gettier Problems]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:knowledge:reliabilism|Reliabilist Theories]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:skepticism|Skeptical Arguments]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:skepticism:vat|Brain in a Vat]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:skepticism:demon|Descartes' Evil Demon]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:skepticism:dream|Dream Argument]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:induction|Problem of Induction]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:induction:hume|Hume's Problem of Induction]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:epistemology:induction:goodman|Goodman's New Riddle of Induction]] 
- 
-==== Ethics ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:normative|Normative Ethics]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:normative:utilitarian|Utilitarian Arguments]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:normative:kantian|Kantian Arguments]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:normative:virtue|Virtue Ethics]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:metaethics|Metaethics]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:metaethics:realism|Moral Realism]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:metaethics:error|Error Theory]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:metaethics:emotivism|Emotivism]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:applied|Applied Ethics]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:applied:trolley|Trolley Problem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:ethics:applied:value|Value of Life Arguments]] 
- 
-==== Logic and Language ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:formal|Formal Logic]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:formal:propositional|Propositional Logic]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:formal:predicate|Predicate Logic]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:formal:modal|Modal Logic]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:informal|Informal Logic and Fallacies]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:informal:deductive|Deductive Fallacies]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:logic:informal:inductive|Inductive Fallacies]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:language:meaning|Theories of Meaning]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:language:meaning:reference|Reference Theories]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:language:meaning:use|Use Theories]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:language:meaning:verification|Verification Principle]] 
- 
-==== Philosophy of Science ==== 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:demarcation|Demarcation Problem]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:demarcation:popper|Popper's Falsificationism]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:demarcation:kuhn|Kuhn's Paradigm Shifts]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:explanation|Scientific Explanation]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:explanation:dn|Deductive-Nomological Model]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:explanation:causal|Causal Accounts]] 
-  * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:realism|Scientific Realism vs. Anti-Realism]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:realism:miracles|No Miracles Argument]] 
-    * [[start:proofs:philosophy:science:realism:pessimistic|Pessimistic Induction]] 
- 
-===== How to Contribute ===== 
- 
-We welcome contributions from mathematicians, philosophers, educators, and enthusiasts. To contribute: 
- 
-  * **Follow our standards**: Use the proper templates for consistency 
-  * **Use proper notation**: Ensure mathematical expressions use LaTeX via the MathJax plugin 
-  * **Provide references**: Include sources for all theorems, proofs, and arguments 
-  * **Consider accessibility**: Write clear explanations that build on prerequisites 
- 
-===== Contact ===== 
- 
-For questions or assistance with this wiki, please contact [[mailto:ayman@aymanlafaz.com|ayman@aymanlafaz.com]]. 

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